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Home › Science › Zoology › Ornithology › Sphenisciformes

Sphenisciformes

Sphenisciformes (Penguins)

      • sphen (Gr): a wedge
      • -iscus (New L) derived from –iskos meaning ‘a little wedge’, referring to the shape and shortness of the wings





    Spheniscidae – 16 species

    • Eudyptes crestatus (Rockhopper Penguin)
    • Pygoscelis adeliae (Adélie Penguin)
      • named after Terre Adélie, wife of Admiral J.S. C. Dumont d’Urville (1790-1842) who found these penguins in the French sector of the Antarctic
      • puge (Gr): the rump
      • skelos (Gr): the leg, referring to the position of the legs which are set well back on the body and more on the rump
    • Aptenodytes forsteri (Emperor Penguin)
      • named after Johann R. Forster (1729-1798), a German traveler and ornithologist who was on the H.M.S. Resolution from 1772 to 1775
      • largest of the penguins standing more than 1 metre (4 feet)
      • a- (Gr): without
      • ptenos (Gr): feathered, winged
      • dutes (Gr): a diver or a ‘wingless diver’
    • Aptenodytes patagonica (King Penguin)
      • Patagonia is the southern region of South America
      • almost as big as the Emporer Penguin and thus the name
    • Eudyptes chrysolophus (Macaroni Penguin)
      • ‘Macaroni’ is derived from the unusual structure of the yellow feathers that form the crest
      • eu- (Gr): well or nicely
      • duptes: a diver
      • khrusos (Gr): gold
      • lophos (Gr): a crest or tuft on the head of bird
    • Megadyptes antipodes (Yellow-eyed Penguin)
      • megas (Gr): great
      • duptes (Gr): a diver
      • antipodes: two points on opposites sides of the earth and sometimes used to mean Australia or New Zealand
    • Spheniscus demersus (Jackass Penguin)
      • named for its donkey-like call
      • sphen (Gr): a wedge
      • -iscus (New L) derived from –iskos meaning ‘a little wedge’, referring to the shape and shortness of the wings
      • demergo (L): I sink or I submerge
      • demersus (L): depressed
    • Spheniscus mendiculus (Galapagos Penguin)
      • inhabits the Galapagos and neighbouring islands
      • mendicus (L): beggerly or needy
      • -culus (L): a suffix meaning ‘small’; the opposite of regillus (L) meaning royal or magnificent, referring to it being one of the smallest penguins standing about 50 cm (20 in) tall




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