Betulaceae

Name	Height	Leaf	Fruit	Region
Hop-hornbeam Ostrya virginiana	25′ – 40′, can be 60′	alternate, simple, tapering to long tip, 2.5″ – 5″ by 1″ – 2″	flattish nut, .25″, enclosed in a sac, .75″	Deciduous, Great Lakes – St. Lawrence, Acadian, southern Boreal, and eastern Grasslands
Blue-beech Carpinus caroliniana	20′	alternate, simple,rounded at base, 2″ – 4″ by .75″ – 1.75″	ribbed nut in leaf-like structure, 1″	Deciduous and southern Great Lakes – St. Lawrence
Yellow Birch Betula alleghanianis	60′ – 75′, can be 100′	oval, tapering to sharp point, toothed	erect, with scales, 1.25″ by .63″	Deciduous, Great Lakes – St. Lawrence, Acadian, part of eastern Boreal
Cherry Birch Betula lenta	40′ – 50′	oval, finely toothed, 3″	fruiting bodies, 1″ – 1.25″ by .5″	Niagara Peninsula
White Birch Betula papryrifera	80′	triangular or oval, partly toothed, 3.25″	fruiting bodies, 1.5″ – .25″	most of Canada
Alaska Birch Betula neoalaskana	20′ – 40′	triangular to oval	fruiting bodies, blunt tipped, 1.25″ – .38″	western Boreal
Water Birch Betula occidentalis	20′, can be 35′	broadly oval, sharp teeth, .75″ – 2″	fruiting body, blunt tipped, 1″ – 1.5″ by .19″ – .38″	most of western Canada except Coast
Grey Birch Betula populifolia	35′	triangular, long tip, toothed, 2.5″	fruiting body, blunt tip, .38″ by .19″	eastern Great Lakes – St. Lawrence, Acadian
Red Alder Alnus rubra	80′	oval to rhombic, tapered both ends, toothed	oval fruiting body, winged, .75″	Coast
Speckled Alder Alnus rugosa	20′ – 30′	oval, toothed, 2″ – 4″	oval fruiting body, winged, .63″ by .31″	Saskatchewan eastward
Mountain Alder Alnus tenuifolia	can be 45′	like A. rugosa, except thinner, smoother, and veins not impressed	like A. rugosa	Saskatchewan westward except Coast
Sitka Alder Alnus sinuata	can reach 40′	broadly oval, no teeth near stalk, tapered to tip	fruiting body, in clusters, .5″	British Columbia to Rocky Mountains and to Boreal