Hormones that regulate metabolism in the Digestive Tract:
(hormone; gland; effects)
- Cortisol: adrenal cortex
- increases conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver
- increases the use of amino acids and fats for energy
- decreases protein synthesis except in the liver and gastrointestinal tract
- Epinephrine: adrenal medulla
- increases conversion of glycogen to glucose
- increases the use of fats for energy
- Glucagon: pancreas
- increases conversion of glycogen to glucose
- increases the use of amino acids and fats for energy
- Growth hormone(GH): anterior pituitary
- increases amino acid transport into cells
- increases protein synthesis
- increases the use of fats for energy
- Insulin: pancreas
- increases glucose transport into cells for use as energy
- increases conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver and muscles
- increases transport of amino acids and fatty acids into cells to be used for synthesis, but not for energy production
- Thyroxine: thyroid gland
- increases use of all three food types for energy (carbohydrates, fats, proteins)
- increases protein synthesis
