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Home › Health › Anatomy › Metabolism

Metabolism





Hormones that regulate metabolism in the Digestive Tract:

(hormone; gland; effects)

  • Cortisol: adrenal cortex
    • increases conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver
    • increases the use of amino acids and fats for energy
    • decreases protein synthesis except in the liver and gastrointestinal tract
  • Epinephrine: adrenal medulla
    • increases conversion of glycogen to glucose
    • increases the use of fats for energy
  • Glucagon: pancreas
    • increases conversion of glycogen to glucose
    • increases the use of amino acids and fats for energy
  • Growth hormone(GH):  anterior pituitary
    • increases amino acid transport into cells
    • increases protein synthesis
    • increases the use of fats for energy
  • Insulin: pancreas
    • increases glucose transport into cells for use as energy
    • increases conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver and muscles
    • increases transport of amino acids and fatty acids into cells to be used for synthesis, but not for energy production
  • Thyroxine: thyroid gland
    • increases use of all three food types for energy (carbohydrates, fats, proteins)
    • increases protein synthesis




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