Muscles that move them: (Name, Origin, Insertion, Action)
Foot
- Dorsiflexor:
- Tibialis anterior – lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia – base of 1st metatarsal bone – dorsiflexes ankle Plantar flexors
- Gastrocnemius – above femoral condyles – calcaneus by way of calcanean tendon – plantar flexes ankle, adducts foot and flexes knee
- Peroneus – fibula and lateral condyle of tibia – bases of 1st and 5th metatarsal bones – everts foot and plantar flexes ankle
- Soleus – head and proximal shaft of fibula and adjacent shaft of tibia – calcaneus by way of calcanean tendon – plantar flexes ankle and inverts and abducts foot
- Tibialis posterior – connective tissue membrane and adjacent shafts of tibia and fibula – tarsal and metatarsal bones – adducts and inverts foot
Toes
- Flexors:
- Flexor digitorum – posterior and medial surface of tibia – inferior surface of phalanges, toes 2-5 – flexion at joints of toes 2-5
- Flexor hallucis – posterior surface of fibula – interior surface and last phalanx of great toe – flexion at joints of great toe
- Extensors:
- Extensor digitorum – lateral condyle of tibia and anterior surface of fibula – superior surfaces of phalanges, toes 2-5
- Extensor hallucis – anterior surface of fibula – superior surface and terminal phalanx of great toe – extension at joints of great toe
