- Robert O’Hara Burke (1820-1861)
- With William Wills, made the first south-north crossing of the Australia (from Victoria to the Gulf of Carpentaria) (1861)
- John Forrest (1847-1918)
- Crossed Western Australia along the southern coast route (1870)
- Crossed Western Australia much farther north, exploring the Musgrave Ranges (1874)
- Hamilton Hume (1797-1873)
- With William Hovell, led an expedition from Sydney to the Murray River and Port Phillip (1824)
- Friedrich Leichardt (1813-1848)
- Walked from Sydney to Moreton Bay (1843)
- Walked from Brisbane to Arnhem Land (1844)
- Douglas Mawson (1882-1958)
- Reached the magnetic South Pole on the Shackleton expedition (1907-1909)
- Led Antarctic expeditions (1911-1914; 1929-1931)
- Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (1792-1855)
- Led expeditions through New South Wales (1831-1832; 1835-1836), Victoria (1836), Queensland (1846)
- Established that the Darling River joined the Murray
- John Joseph William Molesworth Oxley (c1785-1828)
- Explored the Lachlan River (1817)
- Explored the Macquarie River (1818)
- Explored Jervis Bay and Illawarra District (1819)
- Explored the Moreton Bay area and discovered the Brisbane River (1823)
- John McDouall Stuart (1815-1866)
- Crossed the centre of Australia from Adelaide to the coast of Arnhem Land (1860)
- Peter Egerton Warburton (1813-1889)
- First to cross Australia from the south coast to central Australia via Alice Springs and from there to the De Grey River on the west coast (1873)
- George Hubert Wilkins (1888-1958)
- Flew from Barrow, Alaska, to Spitzbergen (1928)
- Made an Antarctic flight, showing Graham Land to be an island (1929)
- William Wills (1834-1861)
- See: Robert O’Hara Burke
