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- American – 25 explorers: Henry Tureman Allen to Charles Wilkes
- Arabian – 3 explorers: Ibn Battuta to ‘Abu ‘Abd-Muhammad al-Sharif ab-Idrisi
- Australian – 11 explorers: Robert O’Hara Burke to William Wills
- Bibliography – a list of resources used for this section
- British – 21 explorers: Frederick William Beechey to James Weddell
- Canadian – 6 explorers: Simon Fraser to David Thompson
- Chinese – 4 explorers: Cheng Ho to I-Ching
- Danish – 3 explorers: Vitus Bering to Karsten Niebuhr
- Dutch – 3 explorers: Willem Barents to Abel Janszoon Tasman
- Egyptian – 1 explorer: Nehsi
- English – 30 explorers: William Baffin to Henry George Watkins
- French – 21 explorers: Joseph René Bellot to Jean Dumont d’Urville
- German – 8 explorers: Heinrich Barth to Georg August Schweinfurth
- Greek – 1 explorer: Pytheas
- Greenlander – 1 explorer: Knud Rasmussen
- Icelandic – 1 explorer: Vilhjalmur Stefansson
- Introduction – an overview to this section
- Irish – 5 explorers: Robin Hanbury-Tenison to Ernest Shackleton
- Italian – 9 explorers: John Cabot to Amerigo Vespucci
- Moroccan – 1 explorer: Estevanico
- Nepalese – 1 explorer: Tenzing Norgay
- New Zealander – 1 explorer: Edmund Percival Hillary
- Norwegian – 5 explorers: Roald Amundsen to Otto Neumann Sverdrup
- Phoenician – 1 explorer: General Hanno
- Portuguese – 11 explorers: Antonio de Abreu to João Rodrigues Cabrilho
- Roman – 1 explorer: Aelius Gallus
- Russian – 13 explorers: Ivan Bakhov to Lavrenty Alekseyevich Zagoskin
- Scottish – 10 explorers: William Balfour Baikie to John McDouall Stuart
- Spanish – 17 explorers: Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadro to Francisco de Ulloa
- Swedish – 3 explorers: Salomon August Andree to Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskjöld
- Swiss – 1 explorer: Johann Ludwig Burckhardt
- Viking-Norse – 3 explorers: Eric the Red to Bjarni Herjolfsson