Alanine
ALANINE is a non-essential amino acid whose main function seems to be in the metabolism of tryptophan and pyridoxine. It also assists in the metabolism of sugars and organic acids, providing energy for muscle tissues, brain, and CNS (Central Nervous System). Alanine produces energy by stimulating glucagon secretions from the pancreas and is linked to glycogen released from the liver. In cases of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), alanine has been used as a source for the production of glucose in order to stabilize blood sugar over lengthy periods. In fact, research is showing that taking an oral dose of the L form of alanine at bedtime, proved more effective for the insulin-dependent diabetic than a regular snack.
Alanine helps in the production of anitibodies which strengthen the immune system. Deficiencies of alanine have been found in patients with hypoglycemia, diabetes, and alcohol-induced hepatitis. Since alanine is present in prostate fluid, researchers think that it may play a role in prostate health. This has been confirmed in some studies done with men who having prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate). On the other hand, high levels of alanine, along with low levels of tyrosine and phenylalanine, have been associated with the Epstein-Barr virus and chronic fatigue syndrome.
Alanine also seems to have an effect on reducing cholesterol, if combined with arginine and glycine. When only arginine and alanine was used, cholesterol was reduced by 20%, but, with the addition of glycine, the results went up by a full 50%.
Other names for alanine include: ALA, amino acid A, 2-aminopropanoic acid.
B-Alanine is the only naturally occuring b-amino acid found in its free state in the brain. It is a component of carnosine, anserine, and of pantothenic acid (B5). However, the function of carnosine and anserine are unknown. In humans, b-Alanine is metabolized to acetic acid, but in plants and micro-organisms, it is formed into aspartic acid. Therapeutically, it has been found useful in assisting with the synthesis of pantothenic acid (B5).
